Hi everybody,
Now I am here with a Automatic Battery Charger circuit
having overcharge protection feature. In one of my previous post, we were
discussed about a battery charger circuit. For that, the battery gets
continously charged, and this overcharging affects the performance of the
battery seriously. Today I am with a solution for that, as usual the circuit is
simple to wire up, it consists only a few components and you can make this at
your home itself. This circuit eliminates the battery draining due to
overcharge, because the charger turnoff after the charging is made completed.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
Transformer
|
9V,500mA
|
1
|
Diodes
|
1N4007
|
5
|
IC
|
LM317
|
1
|
Transistor
|
BC548
|
1
|
Zener Diode
|
6.2V, 0.5W
|
1
|
Resistors
|
2.2K (Variable)
|
1
|
1K
|
1
|
|
180
|
1
|
|
4.7
|
1
|
|
1.2K
|
1
|
|
Capacitors
|
1000uF, 25V
|
1
|
Battery
|
6V, 4.5Ah
|
1
|
LED
|
1
|
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The circuit is powered by 230V, 50Hz A.C supply. The high
voltage supply is stepdowned using a suitable transformer to 9V and this
alternating voltage is fed to a rectifier followed by a filter. The rectification
is made possible using four diodes (1N4007), by employing the switching action
of diodes. The elimination of ripples is done using a high valued capacitor. After
rectification and filtering process we get a direct current, which is further
stabilized using a voltage regulator IC LM317. The output from regulator is
used to charge the 6V battery.
Once the
battery is completely charged (ie; Voltage across the battery is 6V) the zener
diode gets in forward biased and it starts conduction, this gives a positive
voltage to the base terminal of BC548(NPN Transistor) which in turn makes it
ON.
This ceases the charging of battery, because the output from
IC is directly connected to the ground or negative potential through the
forward biased transistor
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